nagios 监控配置
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects commands.cfg contacts.cfg host.cfg localhost.cfg printer.cfg services.cfg switch.cfg templates.cfg timeperiods.cfg windows.cfg host.cfg services.cfg需要自己创建 其中host.cfg用来指定监控的主机地址，以及相关属性信息， [root@web- objects]# cat host.cfg define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp #引用在temperiods.cfg中定义的linux-server 和hosts-pnp host_name 1.222 主机名 alias 1.222 主机别名 address 192.168.1.222 主机具体的ip地址，域名也可以 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 1.223 alias 1.223 address 192.168.1.223 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 1.233 alias 1.233 address 192.168.1.233 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 1.215 alias 1.215 address 192.168.1.215 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.202 alias 2.202 address 192.168.2.202 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.203 alias 2.203 address 192.168.2.203 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.214 alias 2.214 address 192.168.2.214 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.200 alias 2.200 address 192.168.2.200 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.210 alias 2.210 address 192.168.2.210 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.211 alias 2.211 address 192.168.2.211 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.252 alias 2.252 address 192.168.2.252 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.212 alias 2.212 address 192.168.2.212 } define host { use linux-server,hosts-pnp host_name 2.213 alias 2.213 address 192.168.2.213 } define hostgroup { hostgroup_name sa-servers #定义一个主机组 alias sa-servers #主机组的别名 members 1.222,1.223,1.233,1.215,2.202,2.203,2.214,2.200,2.210,2.252,2.211,2.212,2.213 #主机组的成员，为上面hostname中定义的名字 ##################################### services.cfg用于定义监控服务和主机资源没，如http服务ftp服务，磁盘空间，系统负载等 [root@web- objects]# cat services.cfg ##########################web################################### define service { use local-service,services-pnp #引用templates.cfg中定义的local-server的属性值 host_name 1.222,1.223,1.233,1.215,2.202,2.203,2.214,2.200,2.210,2.252,2.211,2.212,2.213 #指定要监控那台主机，在host.cfg中定义的 service_description ping #内容的描述 check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60% #指定检查命令check_ping 在commands.cfg中定义的后面接两个参数，命令和参数之间用！隔开 } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.222,1.223,1.233,1.215,2.202,2.203,2.214,2.200,2.210,2.252,2.211,2.212,2.213 service_description ssh check_command check_ssh } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.222,1.223,1.233,1.215,2.202,2.203,2.214,2.200,2.210,2.252,2.211,2.212,2.213 service_description sshd check_command check_tcp!22 } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.222,1.215,2.214,2.200,2.210,2.252,2.211,2.212,2.213 service_description mysqlport check_command check_tcp!3306 } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-users check_command check_nrpe!check_users } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-load check_command check_nrpe!check_load } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-sdb1 check_command check_nrpe!check_sdb1 } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-sda2 check_command check_nrpe!check_sda2 } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-zombie_procs check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs } define service { use local-service,services-pnp host_name 1.215 service_description mailserver-total_procs check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs } contacts.cfg 用来定义联系人，和联系人组等 timeperiods.cfg用来定义监控时间段 cgi.cfg用来控制相关cgi脚本，如想在web监控中执行cgi脚本，如restart nagios，shutdown nagios stop nagios 需要配置cfg文件 [root@web-musicxx etc]# cat cgi.cfg | grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$ main_config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg physical_html_path=/usr/local/nagios/share url_html_path=/nagios show_context_help=0 use_pending_states=1 use_authentication=0 use_ssl_authentication=0 authorized_for_system_information=nagios authorized_for_configuration_information=nagios authorized_for_system_commands=nagios authorized_for_all_services=nagios authorized_for_all_hosts=nagios authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagios authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagios default_statusmap_layout=5 default_statuswrl_layout=4 ping_syntax=/bin/ping -n -U -c 5 $HOSTADDRESS$ refresh_rate=90 escape_html_tags=1 action_url_target=_blank notes_url_target=_blank lock_author_names=1 nagios.cfg是nagios的核心配置文件，所有对象配置文件必须在这个文件中进行定义才能发挥作用，[root@web-musicxx etc]# cat nagios.cfg | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ log_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log #日志文件的路径 cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/host.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #引用对象配置文件 object_cache_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.cache #对象缓冲文件，指定一个所有对象配置文件 precached_object_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.precache resource_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg #指定nagios资源文件路径 status_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/status.dat #定义一个状态文件，保存nagios当前状态，注释和宕机信息 status_update_interval=10 nagios_user=nagios nagios_group=nagios check_external_commands=1 #定义是否允许nagios在web页面允许cgi命令，1为运行，0为不允许运行 command_check_interval=-1 command_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd external_command_buffer_slots=4096 lock_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.lock temp_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.tmp temp_path=/tmp event_broker_options=-1 log_rotation_method=d log_archive_path=/usr/local/nagios/var/archives use_syslog=1 log_notifications=1 log_service_retries=1 log_host_retries=1 log_event_handlers=1 log_initial_states=0 log_external_commands=1 log_passive_checks=1 service_inter_check_delay_method=s max_service_check_spread=30 service_interleave_factor=s host_inter_check_delay_method=s max_host_check_spread=30 max_concurrent_checks=0 check_result_reaper_frequency=10 max_check_result_reaper_time=30 check_result_path=/usr/local/nagios/var/spool/checkresults max_check_result_file_age=3600 cached_host_check_horizon=15 cached_service_check_horizon=15 enable_predictive_host_dependency_checks=1 enable_predictive_service_dependency_checks=1 soft_state_dependencies=0 auto_reschedule_checks=0 auto_rescheduling_interval=30 auto_rescheduling_window=180 sleep_time=0.25 service_check_timeout=60 host_check_timeout=30 event_handler_timeout=30 notification_timeout=30 ocsp_timeout=5 perfdata_timeout=5 retain_state_information=1 state_retention_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/retention.dat retention_update_interval=60 use_retained_program_state=1 use_retained_scheduling_info=1 retained_host_attribute_mask=0 retained_service_attribute_mask=0 retained_process_host_attribute_mask=0 retained_process_service_attribute_mask=0 retained_contact_host_attribute_mask=0 retained_contact_service_attribute_mask=0 interval_length=60 check_for_updates=1 bare_update_check=0 use_aggressive_host_checking=0 execute_service_checks=1 accept_passive_service_checks=1 execute_host_checks=1 accept_passive_host_checks=1 enable_notifications=1 enable_event_handlers=1 process_performance_data=1 host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata obsess_over_services=0 obsess_over_hosts=0 translate_passive_host_checks=0 passive_host_checks_are_soft=0 check_for_orphaned_services=1 check_for_orphaned_hosts=1 check_service_freshness=1 service_freshness_check_interval=60 check_host_freshness=0 host_freshness_check_interval=60 additional_freshness_latency=15 enable_flap_detection=1 low_service_flap_threshold=5.0 high_service_flap_threshold=20.0 low_host_flap_threshold=5.0 high_host_flap_threshold=20.0 date_format=us p1_file=/usr/local/nagios/bin/p1.pl enable_embedded_perl=1 use_embedded_perl_implicitly=1 illegal_object_name_chars=`~!$%^&*|'"<>?,()= illegal_macro_output_chars=`~$&|'"<> use_regexp_matching=0 use_true_regexp_matching=0 admin_email=nagios@localhost admin_pager=pagenagios@localhost daemon_dumps_core=0 use_large_installation_tweaks=0 enable_environment_macros=1 debug_level=0 debug_verbosity=1 debug_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.debug max_debug_file_size=1000000 验证nagios配置文件的正确性 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg Nagios Core 3.2.3 Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad Last Modified: 10-03-2010 License: GPL Website: http://www.nagios.org Reading configuration data... Read main config file okay... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/host.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg'... Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg'... Read object config files okay... 略若干字。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 rocessor commands... Checking misc settings... Total Warnings: 0 Total Errors: 0 Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check 2） 安装nagios性能分析图表 nagios对服务或主机监控是一个瞬间或者说瞬时状态，有时候系统管理员需要了解主机在一段时间的性能，以及服务的相约情况，并且要生成图表 可以利用pnp来实现，她是居于php和perl 利用rrdtool工具将nagios采集的数据绘制成相关的图表，然后显示主机或者服务器在一段时间内的运行状态、 下载pnp rrdtool最新版 在安装之前安装下依赖包和eedtool yum -y install apr-devel apr-util check-devel cairo-devel pango-devel libxml2-devel rpmbuild glib2-devel dbus-devel freetype-devel fontconfig-devel gcc-c++ expat-devel python-devel libXrender-devel zlib libpng freetype libjpeg fontconfig gd libxml2 pcre pcre-devel libpcre libconfuse libart_lgpl-devel 安装pnp tar pnp.tar.gz cd pnp ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-rrdtool=/usr/bin/rrdtool --with-perfdata-dir=/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata make all make install make install-config make install-init 可能会有报错 什么ssl 啥的，我的做法是安装openssl-devel包！ 另外映射 ln -s /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib64/libssl.so.0.9.8 ln -s /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 配置pnp 1：创建默认配置文件 cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/pnp/ cp process_perfdata.cfg-sample process_perfdata.cfg cp npcd.cfg-sample npcd.cfg cp rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/pnp/ 2:修改process_perfdata.cfg文件 将日志修改为2级别 # Loglevel 0=silent 1=normal 2=debug # LOG_LEVEL = 2 3：修改nagios配置文件 找到如下几项去掉注释，贴 process_performance_data=1 host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata 4：增加小太阳图表，修改templates.cfg 增加一个定义pnp的host和service define host{ name hosts-pnp register 0 action_url /nagios/pnp/index.php?host=$HOSTNAME$ process_perf_data } define service{ name services-pnp register 0 action_url /nagios/pnp/index.php?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$ process_perf_data } 5：修改commands.cfg 贴 # 'process-host-perfdata' command definition define command{ command_name process-host-perfdata #command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "$LASTHOSTCHECK$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$HOSTSTATE$\t$HOSTATTEMPT$\t$HOSTSTATETYPE$\t$HOSTEXECUTIONTIME$\t$HOSTOUTPUT$\t$HOSTPERFDATA$\n" >> /usr/local/nagios/var/host-perfdata.out command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl } # 'process-service-perfdata' command definition define command{ command_name process-service-perfdata #command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "$LASTSERVICECHECK$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$SERVICEDESC$\t$SERVICESTATE$\t$SERVICEATTEMPT$\t$SERVICESTATETYPE$\t$SERVICEEXECUTIONTIME$\t$SERVICELATENCY$\t$SERVICEOUTPUT$\t$SERVICEPERFDATA$\n" >> /usr/local/nagios/var/service-perfdata.out command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl } 6：简略，修改hosts.cfg 和services.cfg添加 hosts-pnp services-pnp,具体略，见上面 restart nagios 如配置正确，会生成若干文件 /usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata/1.215 mailserver-load.rrd mailserver-sda2.rrd mailserver-sdb1.rrd mailserver-users.rrd mysqlport.rrd ping.rrd sshd.rrd mailserver-load.xml mailserver-sda2.xml mailserver-sdb1.xml mailserver-users.xml mysqlport.xml ping.xml sshd.xml 图 利用插件扩展nagios的监控功能 利用nrpe外部插件监控远程主机 配置nagios客户端 1：安装nagios-plugins tar -xf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15 ./configure make make install useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/ -R chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/ chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ -R 安装nrpe cd nrpe-2.13 ./configure make all make all yum install openssl-devel ./configure make all make install-plugin && make install-daemon && make install-daemon-config 安装完成后在/usr/local/nagios/libexec下会生成check_nrpe 命令 配置nrpe修改nrpe.cof 中allowed_hosts=nagiosserveripaddress 启动nagios守护进程 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d [root@mail ~]# netstat -lantp | grep 5666 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2832/nrpe 服务端测试 [root@web- 1.215]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.1.215 NRPE v2.13 客户端上定义监控服务器内容 # The following examples use hardcoded command arguments... command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_sdb1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sdb1 command[check_sda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 nagios服务器配置 1:安装nrpe插件，./configure make all make install-plugin 2:commands.cfg中定义一个check_nrpe监控命令 define command{ command_name check_nrpe command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ } 在service.cfg中添监控内容，略，见上面 测试nagios配置文件没问题，则restartnagios 图